Women As Victims And Offenders - 2569 Words

ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET Electronic or manual submission UNIT MINORITY GROUPS AS VICTIMS AND OFFENDERS CODE CRI11006 TITLE NAME OF STUDENT (Print clearly) SIMS LUCAS FAMILY NAME FIRST NAME STUDENT ID NO. 10372556 NAME OF LECTURER James McCue DUE DATE 10/09/2014 Topic of assignment Women as Victims and Offenders Group or tutorial (if applicable) THURSDAY 1:30PM Course Bachelor of Criminology and Justice CAMPUS JOONDAL-UP I certify that the attached assignment is my own work and that any material drawn from other sources has been acknowledged. This work has not previously been submitted for assessment in any other unit or course. Copyright in assignments remains my property. I grant permission to the University to make copies of assignments for assessment, review and/or record keeping purposes. I note that the University reserves the right to check my assignment for plagiarism. Should the reproduction of all or part of an assignment be required by the University for any purpose other than those mentioned above, appropriate authorisation will be sought from me on the relevant form. OFFICE USE ONLY If handing in an assignment in a paper or other physical form, sign here to indicate that you have read this form, filled it in completely and that you certify as above. Signature Date OR, if submitting this paper electronically as per instructions for the unit, place an ‘X’ in the box below to indicate that youShow MoreRelated Female Sex Offenders: Perception is Not Reality1640 Words   |  7 Pagesfemale sex offenders differently than male sex offenders, the punishments of female sex offenders are more lenient than men who commit the same types of crimes, and the differences between male and female victims are all perception and not reality. Objective considerations to additional factors make the perceptions baseless. 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Coursework assignment Jack the Ripper Free Essays

string(64) " true and which were not and the killer took advantage of this\." 1. Source A is part of a newspaper article describing the murder of Martha Tabram and Polly Nicholls. From source A I can learn that there have been two murders in London within a month of each other, I can also learn that Polly Nicholls and the other victim, Martha Tabram, were very poor. We will write a custom essay sample on Coursework assignment: Jack the Ripper or any similar topic only for you Order Now Source A also tells us that the murderer did not kill the women for financial gain as there was no proof of stealing, the killer had used too much force to kill these women and this suggests that the killer was not of stable mind. Source A is part of an article in the East End Observer describing the murders of Martha Tabram and Polly Nicholls and it was written within a month of the murders, it suggests that the murderer was not of stable mind. Source B is part of the Coroner’s report of the death of Polly Nicholls and it suggests that the killer had a good knowledge of the human body. Source C is the report of Dr Frederick Blackwell on the body of Elizabeth Stride and its gives a detailed description of the victims body. Source A supports Source C by saying that the victims have been of the poorest of the poor whilst Source C implies that the victim, Elizabeth Stride, was poor as there was ‘no money on the body. ‘ However Source A is different to Source C as it says that the killer used ‘extraordinary violence’ to murder the women where as Source C says that there was only one incision on the body and it cut the windpipe ‘completely in two meaning that no force was used’. Source C also says that the appearance of the face was calm meaning there was no force used against the victim and it was a quick kill. Source A states that the murders were a work of a ‘demented being’ as so much effort was used to kill the victims but the evidence from Source C suggest that the killer had a knowledge of how to kill a person quickly as it says that only one incision was found on the victim and it rendered them dead. Source B says the killer had ‘anatomical skill and knowledge’ the wounds inflicted on the victim were in specific places that would lead to certain organs, additionally Source C also suggests that the killer had a good understanding of the human body as it mentions that only one wound was inflicted on the victim and it was enough to kill her and this shows that Source B supports Source C. Source B also supports Source C by saying the killer used a knife as a weapon to kill the victims and Source C implies that the killer used a knife as an incision is caused by a knife or sharp object. However Source B is different from Source C as all the statements in this are opinions whereas all the statements of Source C are facts and are given by a doctor who knows what he is seeing. Source B is also trying to decipher the identity of the victim where as Source is just a description of the body 3. Source E is Part of an article published in a local newspaper after the murders of Polly Nicholls and Annie Chapman. It tells us of how an informant warned police officers that the security of the streets should be improved otherwise murders would ensue. It also tells us a bit about the geography of White Chapel. This source implies that the security of the streets in White Chapel was really poor as there were crimes going on in every street and people had predicted that there would be murders happening in the town if the quality of the police force was not increased. It also tells us that there were crimes going on such as ‘ruffianism’ (violent lawless behavior), and although the police were told of it they did nothing to prevent or stop these crimes. This Source also tells us about the way White Chapel is built, with the main roads connected by narrow alleyways, meaning that the killer could easily slide into an alley if he heard or saw the police approaching. However the Source does not tell us who the informant is; implying that the killer had to be a police to hide his identity because otherwise he would have been fired from his job. As a result of not knowing the identity of the killer, we cannot tell if the Source is reliable or not. But as the source was a newspaper article, its main job was to inform people of the news accurately, however the newspapers also had to be sold meaning that the article evidence given by the informant could have stretched to make the article more interesting. Source D is the evidence of Elizabeth Long at the inquest into the death of Annie Chapman; she was describing the man seen talking to Annie before she was killed. It tells about the appearance of the man seen with Annie Chapman before she was killed. It says that the man was a foreigner and that he was of a ‘shabby genteel’. The description given by the eye-witness is very detailed and it describes a foreigner. During the time that the murders happened White chapel was a dirty and polluted place, people could even see their own hands in front of their faces in the dark. The time at which Miss Long said she say the man was at 5. 30 am and it was still pretty dark at that time which leads me to believe that this source is not very reliable. This however shows me that the police had trouble capturing the killer because of all the false eye-witness accounts given to them by the public, they could not interpret which ones were true and which were not and the killer took advantage of this. You read "Coursework assignment: Jack the Ripper" in category "Papers" Source D is not very reliable as there is no way that Miss. Long could have made out the appearance of the man in such detail, it is a make belief story as at the time of which the account was given many people presumed that the killer was a foreigner, therefore Miss. Long gave the description of one. 4. The police made use of many methods to try and catch the killer but they were all to no avail. One of the things that the police was to circulate leaflets around to the general public. Source F is the leaflet distributed to over 80,000 households in hopes of catching the murderer. The leaflet contains dates of the first four murders (starting from Polly Nicholls) and it is suggesting that the killer lives in Whitechapel. It is asking for people to come forward and report anybody suspicious. This is a good idea as it would save the police from interviewing everyone in Whitechapel but the public did help the police as they came up with too many false witnesses and they gave information on people who acted the slightest unusual. Source G is part of a letter from the Home Secretary to the mile end vigilance committee on 17 September 1888. The Home Secretary states that offering a reward would mean people would make false accusations on innocent people just for the money. The police were asking permission to offer reward to anyone who gives information on the killer but they were declined. This would have been a good idea as they would get a list of suspects but the public would give information on anyone just to get the money and this would leave the police in a bigger state of confusion. The police also requested for 100 more men both uniformed and plain clothed so there can more of a chance to catch the killer. This was definitely a good idea as there were more men patrolling the area and there were more chances of spotting the killer. However this method proved to be insufficient as the killer was not seen the police, both uniformed and plain clothed. The metropolitan police sent a private and confidential letter to Col turner asking him to provide trained bloodhounds that could track the scent of the victim’s blood in order to find the killer. This was a very good idea and it is still used today to track down suspects but this also failed to catch the notorious Whitechapel, murderer. Although this did prove that the killer murdered his victims rather stealthily as to not get any blood on himself. The police also put their time and effort into interviewing over a thousand lodgers in the area of Whitechapel. This does not seem like a good idea as all the murders had taken place on the weekend or on a holiday suggesting that the killer was from out of town or that he had a job meaning that he would have his own house. One of the stranger things the police did was use silent boots. There logic was that the killer would here the police man approach and so the killer would not run away. This obviously did not help the police catch the killer. These boots also cause pain to the officers as they were uncomfortable. Autopsies were carried out and police photographed each scene. Detailed interviews were conducted throughout the area and existing mental patients and those with a history of violence were investigated. Also the police offered pardons to accomplices willing to come forward with information. The police tried almost everything they could to try and catch the killer during the murders but the facilities that police had were just not enough and most of the time criminals were caught red handed or they would most likely escape. 5. The Whitechapel murders were something that the police have never experienced, they do not know of killing without reason or serial killing. As you have seen, the police tried various methods to try and catch the murderer but they were all a failure and that is due to the following reasons. The killer was a mad-man. This is what everybody believed in White chapel, that someone who kills for his own pleasure has to be foaming at the mouth, this was the perceived of Jack the ripper. He was seen as a man who could not keep his emotions in check and who was a basic raving lunatic. However through modern serial killings we have found that most serial killers look outwardly normal and sane even though they are mad on the inside. The killer could have had an ordinary day-light life with maybe even a family and by night time he could have set out to kill. This was not known at the time so people were looking out for mad person who was swinging a knife at every prostitute and because of this lunatics all over White chapel were examined but to no avail. This also meant that if the killer had family and friends they would never suspect him as he would not have filled the description of a lunatic. The killer on the other hand was a very confident person as he no doubt believed he would never be caught so he never hid the bodies and murdered in daring places, such as ten minutes away from the police station. The killer was also very artful as source H states that ‘not a trace is left’ of the killer at the crime scene. The victims of the killer had one thing in common: heavy drinking. They were known for drinking and wondering around the streets, the first victim’s, Polly Nicholls, marriage broke down as a cause of her heavy drinking. Polly Nicholls was a sad woman who made a living from prostitution. The second victim, Annie Chapman, was also a separated wife who suffered from alcoholism and she was also homeless. The next victim, Elizabeth Stride, was also separated from her husband and used prostitution as a source of a living. The fourth victim, Catherine Eddowes, was also a heavy drinker, a separated wife and a prostitute. The fifth and final victim was Mary Jane Kelly and she was a young prostitute whose husband had died. All these victims are prostitutes and almost all were heavy drinkers meaning they were all exceptionally easy targets as they would have to go in dark places with men who they were strangers with and when they were drunk they were disoriented and did not know what was going on. They would also do anything for a drink meaning they would meet up with men at night just because he promised a drink. The victims were also picked at random except for the fact that they were prostitutes so the police could not find a pattern in the victims and there were too many prostitutes in White chapel to protect them all. Whitechapel was a densely populated area in one of the poorest districts in London. There were many slaughterhouses and such in those parts of London, and so it wasn’t odd for men to walk around in dirty and even blood stained clothes. Furthermore, the fact that there were so many narrow alleys and thoroughfares may have made the Ripper’s escape easier. As source E tells us that the alley ways were ‘dark’ and ‘narrow’. The area of Whitechapel had many penniless, homeless and nameless people drifting in and out of its streets, so it was difficult to keep the track, monitor the streets and the police also had to deal with the vigilante behaviour that erupted as a result of the murders. The eyewitnesses that came forward were almost all very inaccurate except for the police officers. In eye-witness account of Elizabeth Long (source D), a description of a man she sees talking to Annie Chapman is given but it is not very detailed and it only describes his attire and not his facial features. Elizebeth Long is also not sure about the things she sae as she says: ‘as well as I could make out’, ‘I think’ and ‘I cannot be sure’. Also, the time at which she saw the man, it was dark and smog covered the whole of White chapel so therefore she could not have seen clearly and her evidence is most likely made up. These sort of eye-witness accounts lead the police to a dead end and their time is wasted. The chance of the police catching any criminal in those days would drastically drop if they didn’t catch him in the act. The investigative tools the police had at the time did not include fingerprinting, forensic evidence and DNA. The police tried almost everything they could and they made requests that would help catch the killer (even though some of them were denied). The police was not used to the concept of killing without a motive and this confused the police as to what course of action they should take. Although the police did make some mistakes such as when the writing on the wall was erased before it could be photographed and they let Catherine Eddowes out of jail at 1. 00 am when they clearly knew about the dangerous times. The police were not to blame for the ripper murders as they had never experienced anything like it and they did whatever they could to try and catch the killer. The public did not help the police in the investigation by giving false witnesses and accusations. The layout of White chapel was in such a way that it would be extremely easy for the ripper to escape. How to cite Coursework assignment: Jack the Ripper, Papers

Business Decision Making Swaggies

Question: Discuss about the Business Decision Making Swaggies Chain store. Answer: Ongoing Effectiveness and Security Keycard Access System The premises in Sydney for the new system should be associated with high level of security system. Each member entering into the designated areas of facilities should be having key card access system. This computerized authentication system will restrict the entrance of unauthenticated person in the facility area. This digital locking system will limit the access of unauthenticated person in the facility area (Robb et al., 2016). This magnetic key is can also act the ID card for the persons entering into the production facility site. In this way, the key card access system will ensure the ongoing effectiveness and security measures of the facility area. It should be noticed that each employee is actually using keycards before entering into the facility area. There should be proper penalty for the employees, who will break the security measures of keycard access system. Log in Credential Each member working in the facility area should be having proper log in credentials for accessing important information regarding the new system, process and procedures. In this process, the members of the organization should have to gain access to the computer system through identifying and authenticating themselves. Each member will be having their own user name and matching password for getting access to the computer system and other important information. It would ultimately restrict the access of information by unauthenticated persons and ensure that the system is effective and secure (Harris Patten, 2014). However, the organization should take the strategy of monitoring the security of password for the authentication. It should be ensured that the members are actually protecting their password and not passing on their password to another person. Security Checks All the employees working in the facility area must undergo the security check procedure prior to commencement of the Government contact (Basin et al., 2014). However, the authority of processing security check should be restricted to some essential staffs. It will reduce the minimize the chance of security breaches and increase the effectiveness of the whole system. Moreover, the checks on personnel should be retuned in 48 hours towards smoothening the process. All the employees must have clearance as soon as possible. Furthermore, the potential employees should also be checked before their employment. Most importantly, all the employees must be having issued photo ID cards for proving their authenticity in the facility area. CCTV Security System In order to ensure the effectiveness and security of the facility area, Swaggies should install CCTV system in the new production facility area. It will act as direct surveillance system on the working area. The main office of the organization can have direct observation on this new facility area (Harris Patten, 2014). Therefore, they can better restrict any illegal activity area in the facility area and prevent the entrance of unauthenticated person. However, it should be ensured that sufficient cameras are there in the facility area, which are connected with main CCTV surveillance. Moreover, the cameras should cover broad areas of the area for constant checking on all activities. Training for Existing and Future Staff Course Evaluation Course evaluation can be the best strategy for evaluating the effectiveness of the training system. In this strategy, the employees should be asked questions regarding the important for training in the overall evaluation of the program. Apart from that, some trainee evaluation questionnaires will also bet set for evaluating the effectiveness of the training program. The questionnaires will be associated with availability of all required course material in the training and application of new skills towards enhancing the overall skill levels of the employees. Moreover, the organization should link such information with the overall objective measurements for getting complete picture of the training outcome. Performance Evaluation Objective measurement is the evaluation of employees performance and companys performance. It is also the comparison between the recent performance with the levels of performance achieved prior to the training program (Elnaga Imran, 2013). Before measuring the performance level of the employees, the organization should establish specific target and error rate for them. The target will be defined as the improvement of the employees correspond to the training program. After the training session, the organization should measure the error rate of the employee with the established target against the training session. The training session should be considered as effective, when the performance level of the employees will meet or exceed the established target of the organization. Effective performance measurement can also be measured, when the employees will put the learnings of training into real practice. Moreover, based on the performance level of the employees, further training session should be arranged for enhancing the employee skills. Behavior Evaluation Sometimes, the behavior of the employees can affect the performance level of the employees. Therefore, apart from measuring the performance level of the employees, the organization should also measure the behavioral aspects of the employees. Moreover, the organization should identify the unacceptable and questionable behavior of the employees before the training session, which can have major impact on their performance level. There should also be the target in assessing the behavioral aspects of the employees after their training. The corresponding tools for such evaluation should be like co-workers complaints and report and evaluation from the supervisor. The training session should be measured against such behavioral characteristics for measuring their behavioral aspects. In this way, the effectiveness of training session and overall system can be measured. Knowledge Evaluation Sometimes, employees having positive attitude may not have the adequate knowledge for carrying out the assigned task. Hence, effective training must ensure that the employees are having adequate skills and knowledge towards meeting the targeted performance (Towler et al., 2014). Effective training program identify the required knowledge for specific task and test the employees against this skill. The organization should arrange this test for ensuring required knowledge within the employees for meeting specific task. Effective training session ensures adequate knowledge against the specific task and make the employees able to pass the test. In this way, this test will ultimately measure the effectiveness of the training program towards overall effectiveness of the new system. Customer Satisfaction Delivery Time Timely delivery of products plays an important role in satisfying the customers. Customers want every order to be delivered within stipulated time. It actually enhances the values of the customers through on time delivery (Blut et al., 2015). Therefore, Swaggies should be highly concerned about mearing on time delivery of the uniform components to the Australian Defense Force. The production facility areas of the organization should look after the daily basis of supply chain towards ensuring timely delivery of the products to the customers. The material lead time of the organization should be less and they should use just in time approach in production system for ensuring timely delivery of the products to the clients. Moreover, the organization should also ensure penalty system in case of late delivery of the products to the clients. In this way, the organization should ensure the effectiveness of new system though proper customer satisfaction. Service Service provided to the customers are also extremely important for ensuring high level of customer satisfaction. The service delivery should be flexible enough for the clients. The ordering process and delivery system should be flexible for the clients. The organization should also ensure that the clients are given enough respect during availing their service. Moreover, it should be ensured that the clients are provided with the services as per the organizational commitment. Furthermore, the organizational should regularly follow the complaints of the customers and handle the complaints properly and gracefully. Apart from that, the service of the organization should be prompt enough towards resolving the complaints immediately. In this way, the effectiveness of the new system will remain intact by enhancing customer satisfaction. Product Availability Product availability has significant role in enhancing the level of customer satisfaction. The number of finished products should be adequate enough towards meeting the demand of the clients (Oh et al., 2017). Lack of product availability actually delay the delivery time of the products to the customers. In this way, it can minimize the valuable time of the clients. Therefore, the organization should be highly concerned about the product availability in their stock towards meeting the demand of the clients. It would ensure that right numbers of products will be delivered to the client at right time by enhancing their value. In this way, product availability will enhance the level of customer satisfaction by enhancing the overall effectiveness of the new system. Quality Quality of the products are extremely important factor for satisfying the customers. The quality of the products should be high enough towards meeting the perceived quality of the customers about the product (Stock Bednarek, 2014). In case of Swaggies, the organization should also be highly concerned about the quality of the uniform components provided to the Australian Defense Force. The weight, color and design of the uniform components should be comfortable enough for the defense force. Moreover, the organization should set a minimum standard to be ensured in regards to their product quality. In this way, the organization will be able to ensure the effectiveness of the new system with increased customer satisfaction. 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A., Rohde, F. H., Green, P. F. (2016). Standard Business Reporting in Australia: efficiency, effectiveness, or both?.Accounting Finance,56(2), 509-544. Stock, R. M., Bednarek, M. (2014). As they sow, so shall they reap: customers influence on customer satisfaction at the customer interface.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,42(4), 400-414. Towler, A., Watson, A., A. Surface, E. (2014). Signaling the importance of training.Journal of Managerial Psychology,29(7), 829-849.